have you ever used...

have you ever used...

• Google Docs
• WordPress
• Wikipedia
• Anything with an undo feature

ctrl+z

version control system

version control system

Manages changes to collections of information.

version control system

Manages changes to collections of information.

• Documents
• Large web sites
• ...computer programs!

version control system

Manages changes to collections of information.

• A set of changes (revision) has an ID, e.g. “revision 1”, “revision 2”.
• Revisions can be compared, restored, and merged.
• Revision information is stored in a data structure called repository.

version control system

• Subversion (SVN)
• BitKeeper
• Mercurial
• Git

medium.com/faun/centralized-vs-distributed-version-control-systems-a135091299f0

medium.com/faun/centralized-vs-distributed-version-control-systems-a135091299f0

git

git

• Distributed version control system
• Free and open source
• Started in April 2005
• Created by Linus Torvalds to aid Linux development

git-scm.com

git init

git init

• Initialize an empty git repository
• Stored in .git directory

git status

git status

• Show the working tree status
• Very useful to see what's going on in the repo

let's add something!

let's add something!

• Create a README file for your repository
• Give general information about the repository
• Usually (not always) using the Markdown (.md) format

git add

git add

• Add files to the index (staging area)
• git add file1 file2 ...
• Start tracking those files

git commit

git commit

• Record changes to the repository
• Create a new revision, or commit
• git commit -m "Your commit message here"

git commit

• Before that, you need to configure your username and email
• git config user.name "Your Name"
• git config user.email "[email protected]"
• Use the --global flag to make it the default.

git commit

Why is that needed?

Git uses SHA1 hash to refer to commits. It's generated based on:

• The source tree of the commit
• SHA1 hash of the parent commit
• The author info (+ timestamp)
• The committer info (+ timestamp)
• The commit message

gist.github.com/masak/2415865
auth0.com/blog/hashing-passwords-one-way-road-to-security/

git log

git log

• Show commit logs
• See history of the repository

how git stores commit

but it can be more complex than that...

trailhead.salesforce.com/en/content/learn/modules/git-and-git-hub-basics/work-with-your-history-in-git (modified)

how git stores commit

stackoverflow.com/a/24107223stackoverflow.com/a/9074343

how git stores commit

stackoverflow.com/a/9074343

let's push our repo!

let's push our repo!

git remote && git push

git remote && git push

• Add the remote repository URL to your local repository
• git remote add origin https://git{hub,lab}.com/...
• Push!
• git push -u origin master

Remote name is usually origin.

Default branch is master.

git clone

git clone

• Clone a repository into a new directory
• git clone https://git{hub,lab}.com/...
• Creates remote-tracking branches
• Creates and checks out the remote’s currently active branch

git pull

git pull

• "download" changes that someone has pushed
• Opposite of push -> pull
• git pull origin master

open source projects

open source projects

The source code of an open source software should be released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose.

open source projects

• There are millions of projects on GitHub
• Most of them are open source projects
• Including your favorite technologies (e.g. framework, languages, etc.)
• They aren't perfect: bugs, feature requests -> issues are open
• They're waiting for your contribution! 😄

open source projects

contributing to open source

contributing to open source

• Start small
• Use them!
• Submit bug reports, issues, and feature requests on their issue tracker
• Release your personal projects under an open source license
• Submit patches
• Fix typos and bugs, add new features, etc.
• How?

contributing to open source

1. Identify the issue to fix
2. Fork the repository
3. Create a new branch on your repository
4. Apply your patches
5. Create a new Pull Request from your branch

contributing to open source

contributing to open source

contributing to open source

contributing to open source

hacktoberfest.digitalocean.com

contributing to open source

hacktoberfest.digitalocean.com

Thank you!

Thank you!

{
  "name": "Sage M. Abdullah",
  "slides": {
    "hosted": "https://slides.laymonage.com/git-init",
    "source": "https://github.com/laymonage/slides-git-init"
    "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
  }
}