`git init`

Sage M. Abdullah

`intro`

Computer Science student at Universitas Indonesia
DSC Universitas Indonesia 2019 Lead
Open source enthusiast
Google Code-In 2016 participant
Google Summer of Code 2019 student with Django Software Foundation

github.com/laymonage

linkedin.com/in/laymonage

`outline`

Version Control System (VCS)
Git
Open source

`have you ever used...`

`have you ever used...`

Google Docs
WordPress
Wikipedia
Anything with an undo feature

Google Docs

WordPress

Wikipedia

ctrl+z

`version control system`

`version control system`

Manages changes to collections of information.

`version control system`

Manages changes to collections of information.

Documents
Large web sites
...computer programs!

`version control system`

Manages changes to collections of information.

A set of changes (revision) has an ID, e.g. “revision 1”, “revision 2”.
Revisions can be compared, restored, and merged.
Revision information is stored in a data structure called repository.

`version control system`

Subversion (SVN)
BitKeeper
Mercurial
Git

Meme

Centralized VCS

medium.com/faun/centralized-vs-distributed-version-control-systems-a135091299f0

Distributed VCS

medium.com/faun/centralized-vs-distributed-version-control-systems-a135091299f0

`git`

`git`

Distributed version control system
Free and open source
Started in April 2005
Created by Linus Torvalds to aid Linux development

`git init`

`git init`

Initialize an empty git repository
Stored in .git directory

git init

`git status`

`git status`

Show the working tree status
Very useful to see what's going on in the repo

git status

`let's add something!`

`let's add something!`

Create a README file for your repository

Give general information about the repository
Usually (not always) using the Markdown (.md) format

git status

`git add`

`git add`

Add files to the index (staging area)

git add file1 file2 ...

Start tracking those files

git add

`git commit`

`git commit`

Record changes to the repository

Create a new revision, or commit
git commit -m "Your commit message here"

`git commit`

Before that, you need to configure your username and email

git config user.name "Your Name"
git config user.email "[email protected]"
Use the --global flag to make it the default.

`git commit`

Why is that needed?

Git uses SHA1 hash to refer to commits. It's generated based on:

The source tree of the commit
SHA1 hash of the parent commit
The author info (+ timestamp)
The committer info (+ timestamp)
The commit message

Hashing Algorithm

gist.github.com/masak/2415865
auth0.com/blog/hashing-passwords-one-way-road-to-security/

`workflow in git`

Workflow in Git

git-scm.com/about/staging-area

`try repeating it!`

Introduce more changes in the working directory

Edit existing (tracked) files, create new files, delete files

Add them to the staging area

git add file1 file2 ...
or just git add .

Commit!

git commit -m "Update something"

`git log`

`git log`

Show commit logs
See history of the repository

git log

`how git stores commit`

but it can be more complex than that...

Commit graph

trailhead.salesforce.com/en/content/learn/modules/git-and-git-hub-basics/work-with-your-history-in-git (modified)

`how git stores commit`

Commit graph

stackoverflow.com/a/24107223stackoverflow.com/a/9074343

`how git stores commit`

Commit graph

stackoverflow.com/a/9074343

`git branch`

Things get more interesting with branches.

However, before that...

So far, we’ve only worked with git repositories locally.

`if you're collaborating...`

...how do you share your code?

USB Flash Drive

GMail

Google Drive

❌

`if you're collaborating...`

...how do you share your code?

GitHub

GitLab

✔️

`let's push our repo!`

Create a new repository

`let's push our repo!`

Create a new repository

`git remote && git push`

`git remote && git push`

Add the remote repository URL to your local repository

git remote add origin https://git{hub,lab}.com/...

Push!

git push -u origin master

Remote name is usually origin.

Default branch is master.

`voila!`

A repository on GitHub

`git clone`

`git clone`

Clone a repository into a new directory

git clone https://git{hub,lab}.com/...

Creates remote-tracking branches
Creates and checks out the remote’s currently active branch

`git pull`

`git pull`

"download" changes that someone has pushed
Opposite of push -> pull

git pull origin master

`open source projects`

`open source projects`

Open Source Initiative Approved License

The source code of an open source software should be released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose.

`open source projects`

There are millions of projects on GitHub

Most of them are open source projects
Including your favorite technologies (e.g. framework, languages, etc.)

They aren't perfect: bugs, feature requests -> issues are open

They're waiting for your contribution! 😄

`open source projects`

Flutter repository on GitHub

`contributing to open source`

`contributing to open source`

Start small

Use them!

Submit bug reports, issues, and feature requests on their issue tracker
Release your personal projects under an open source license
Submit patches

Fix typos and bugs, add new features, etc.
How?

`contributing to open source`

Identify the issue to fix
Fork the repository
Create a new branch on your repository
Apply your patches
Create a new Pull Request from your branch

`contributing to open source`

PR to Django

`contributing to open source`

Open Source Communities

`contributing to open source`

Google Summer of Code

`contributing to open source`

Hacktoberfest

hacktoberfest.digitalocean.com

`contributing to open source`

Hacktoberfest

hacktoberfest.digitalocean.com

Thank you!

Thank you!

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  "name": "Sage M. Abdullah",
  "slides": {
    "hosted": "https://slides.laymonage.com/git-init",
    "source": "https://github.com/laymonage/slides-git-init"
    "license": "https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0"
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Q & A

app.sli.do/event/fmrhrveh

git init Sage M. Abdullah